361 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study identifies the depletion of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) and the accumulation of its precursor lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) as universal, clinically accessible biomarkers for CLN5 Batten disease, confirming CLN5's role as the essential lysosomal BMP synthase and enabling early diagnosis and patient screening via plasma and dried blood spots.
This study identifies Drak as a potential binding partner of Drosophila Filamin that interacts with its mechanically activated conformation and partially colocalizes during embryonic cellularization and flight muscle development, although a direct functional correlation between the two proteins could not be established.
This study reveals that the splicing activator U2AF2 promotes intron retention in lncRNAs PURPL and MALAT1, a mechanism essential for their nuclear localization and the subsequent regulation of cell proliferation and migration.
The paper introduces SCALE, a scalable foundation model for virtual cell perturbation prediction that integrates a high-throughput BioNeMo framework, a stable conditional transport architecture with LLaMA-based encoding, and biologically faithful evaluation metrics to overcome existing bottlenecks in efficiency, stability, and biological fidelity.
Using human iPSC-derived cortical neurons, this study reveals that while both ST3GAL5 and B4GALNT1 deficiencies eliminate major gangliosides, only ST3GAL5 loss triggers a fatal reprogramming of the lipid repertoire that depletes plasma membrane proteins and abolishes neuronal activity, whereas B4GALNT1 deficiency is compensated by precursor sialylated lipids that preserve membrane organization and electrical function.
This study introduces a novel competitive transplantation assay in humanized NBSGW mice using HLA-mismatched CD34+ cells to enable simultaneous engraftment and longitudinal tracking of distinct human grafts, thereby filling a critical translational gap for assessing intrinsic repopulating capacity and advancing human hematopoietic biology.
This study reveals that the AAA+ ATPase FIGNL1 prevents age-dependent accumulation of RAD51 on non-damaged chromosomes in mammalian oocytes, a process whose failure leads to defective chromosome condensation and meiotic arrest due to the mislocalization of condensin II and topoisomerase II.
This study establishes an optimized protocol for isolating, expanding, and differentiating canine intestinal organoids from the duodenum and colon, demonstrating that 100 nM PGE2 enhances growth and a two-phase differentiation approach yields functional, marker-positive models suitable for future disease research and translational applications despite a limited sample size.
This study establishes that MORC2 mediates transcriptional silencing through DNA-templated liquid-liquid phase separation, where dynamic condensates driven by specific structural interactions are essential for its repressor function and whose dysregulation underlies human neuropathies.
This study characterizes the diverse regulatory outcomes of introducing over 20 human cancer mutations into the Drosophila Notch Negative Regulatory Region, revealing distinct mechanisms of constitutive activation and synergy with PEST deletions that depend on the specific mutation location and its impact on protein stability and ligand responsiveness.